Skip to main content

Autonomous seawater partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) and pH time series from 40 surface buoys between 2004 and 2017 (NCEI Accession 0173932)

INVESTIGATORS:
Adrienne J. Sutton - NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL)
Richard A. Feely ORCID logo - NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL)
Stacy Maenner Jones - NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL)
Sylvia Musielewicz - NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL)
John Osborne - NOAA, Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL)
Colin Dietrich - NOAA, Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL)
Natalie M. Monacci ORCID logo - University of Alaska - Fairbanks (UAF)
Jessica N. Cross ORCID logo - NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL)
Randy Bott - NOAA, Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL)
Alex Kozyr ORCID logo - NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)

PACKAGE DESCRIPTION: This dataset consists of the data synthesis product files that include autonomous seawater pCO2, pH, sea surface temperature and salinity time series measurements from 40 surface buoys between 2004 and 2017. Ship-based time series, some now approaching over three decades long, are critical climate records that have dramatically improved our ability to characterize natural and anthropogenic drivers of ocean carbon dioxide (CO2) uptake and biogeochemical processes. Advancements in autonomous ocean carbon observing technology over the last two decades have led to the expansion of fixed time series stations with the added capability of characterizing sub-seasonal variability. Here we present a data product of 40 autonomous moored surface ocean pCO2 and pH time series established between 2004 and 2013. These time series characterize a wide range of seawater pCO2 and pH conditions in different oceanic (17 sites) and coastal (13 sites) regimes including coral reefs (10 sites). With well-constrained daily to interannual variability and an estimate of decadal variability, these data suggest the length of time series necessary to detect an anthropogenic trend in seawater pCO2 and pH varies from 8 to 15 years at the open ocean sites, 16 to 41 years at the coastal sites, and 9 to 22 years at the coral reef sites. Only two open ocean pCO2 time series, WHOTS in the subtropical North Pacific and Stratus in the South Pacific gyre, are longer than the estimated time of emergence, and deseasoned monthly means show anthropogenic trends of 1.9+/-0.3 µatm yr-1 and 1.6+/-0.3 µatm yr-1, respectively. In the future, it is possible that updates to this product will allow for estimating anthropogenic trends at more sites; however, the product currently provides a valuable tool in an accessible format for evaluating climatology and natural variability of surface ocean carbonate chemistry in a variety of regions.

CITE AS: Sutton, Adrienne J.; Feely, Richard A.; Maenner Jones, Stacy; Musielewicz, Sylvia; Osborne, John; Dietrich, Colin; Monacci, Natalie M.; Cross, Jessica N.; Bott, Randy; Kozyr, Alex (2018). Autonomous seawater partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) and pH time series from 40 surface buoys between 2004 and 2017 (NCEI Accession 0173932). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.7289/v5db8043. Accessed [date].


DATA PACKAGES RELATED TO THIS ONE:
IDENTIFICATION INFORMATION FOR THIS DATA PACKAGE:
NCEI ACCESSION: 0173932
NCEI DOI: https://doi.org/10.7289/v5db8043

TYPES OF STUDY:
Mooring;Time series;

TEMPORAL COVERAGE:
START DATE: 2004-01-01
END DATE: 2017-12-31

SPATIAL COVERAGE:
NORTH: 68
WEST: -180
EAST: 180
SOUTH: -46

GEOGRAPHIC NAMES:
North Pacific Ocean;South Pacific Ocean;North Atlantic Ocean;Indian Ocean;

PLATFORMS:
CCE1; Papa; KEO; JKEO; WHOTS; TAO110W; TAO125W; TAO140W; TAO155W; TAO170W; TAO165E; TAO8S165E; Stratus; BTM; Iceland; BOBOA; SOFS; GAKOA; Kodiak; SEAK; M2; Cape Elizabeth; Chá bă (LaPush); CCE2; Dabob; NH-10; Twanoh; Ala Wai; Chuuk; CRIMP1; CRIMP2; Kaneohe; Kilo Nalu; Gray's Reef; Gulf of Maine; Crescent Reef; Hog Reef; Coastal MS; Cheeca Rocks; La Parguera;

RESEARCH PROJECT(S):
High-Resolution Ocean and Atmosphere pCO2 Time-Series Measurements;

VARIABLES / PARAMETERS:

seawater pCO2 at 0.5m depth
Abbreviation: pCO2_sw
Unit: µatm
Observation type: Surface time series
Uncertainty: uncertainty less than 2
Researcher name: Sutton, Adrienne J.
Researcher institution: NOAA PMEL
air pCO2 at 0.5-1m height
Abbreviation: pCO2_air
Unit: µatm
Observation type: Surface time series
Uncertainty: uncertainty less than 1
Researcher name: Sutton, Adrienne J.
Researcher institution: NOAA PMEL
air xCO2 at 0.5-1m height
Abbreviation: xCO2_air
Unit: µmol mol-1
Observation type: Surface time series
Uncertainty: uncertainty less than 1
Researcher name: Sutton, Adrienne J.
Researcher institution: NOAA PMEL
seawater pH at 0.5m depth
Abbreviation: pH_sw
Observation type: Surface time series
Uncertainty: uncertainty less than 0.02
Researcher name: Sutton, Adrienne J.
Researcher institution: NOAA PMEL
Sea surface temperature at 0.5m depth
Abbreviation: SST_C
Unit: degrees celcius
Observation type: Surface time series
Sampling instrument:
Uncertainty: uncertainty less than 0.01
Researcher name: Sutton, Adrienne J.
Researcher institution: NOAA PMEL
Sea surface salinity at 0.5m depth
Abbreviation: SSS
Observation type: Surface time series
Uncertainty: uncertainty less than 0.05
Researcher name: Sutton, Adrienne J.
Researcher institution: NOAA PMEL
PUBLICATIONS DESCRIBING THIS DATASET:
Sutton, A. J., Feely, R. A., Maenner-Jones, S., Musielewicz, S., Osborne, J., Dietrich, C., Monacci, N., Cross, J., Bott, R., Kozyr, A., Andersson, A. J., Bates, N. R., Cai, W.-J., Cronin, M. F., De Carlo, E. H., Hales, B., Howden, S. D., Lee, C. M., Manzello, D. P., McPhaden, M. J., Meléndez, M., Mickett, J. B., Newton, J. A., Noakes, S. E., Noh, J. H., Olafsdottir, S. R., Salisbury, J. E., Send, U., Trull, T. W., Vandemark, D. C., and Weller, R. A.: Autonomous seawater pCO2 and pH time series from 40 surface buoys and the emergence of anthropogenic trends, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 11, 421-439, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-11-421-2019, 2019.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
USE OF DATA: These data are made freely available to the public and the scientific community in the belief that their wide dissemination will lead to greater understanding and new scientific insights. NOAA relies on the ethics and integrity of the user to ensure that PMEL receives fair credit for their work. If the data are obtained for potential use in a publication or presentation, PMEL should be informed at the outset of the nature of this work. If the PMEL data are essential to the work, or if an important result or conclusion depends on the PMEL data, co-authorship may be appropriate. This should be discussed at an early stage in the work. Manuscripts using the PMEL data should be sent to PMEL for review before they are submitted for publication so we can ensure that the quality and limitations of the data are accurately represented.
FUNDING AGENCY:
NOAA Ocean Acidification Program
PROJECT TITLE: Maintaining and expanding NOA-ON moored time-series product
PROJECT ID: OAP 1904-1904
START DATE: 2019-05-01
END DATE: 2020-12-31
Ocean Observing and Monitoring Division of NOAA's Climate Program Office, NOAA Ocean Acidification Program
PROJECT TITLE: High-Resolution Ocean and Atmosphere pCO2 Time-Series Measurements
PROJECT ID:

SUBMITTED BY: Adrienne J. Sutton (Adrienne.Sutton@noaa.gov)

SUBMISSION DATE: 2018-06-15