INVESTIGATORS:
Lynne D. Talley
- University of Rhode Island; Graduate School of Oceanography (GSO)
Craig A. Carlson 
- University of California, Santa Barbara
James H. Swift
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO)
Andrew G. Dickson
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO)
Richard A. Feely
- NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL)
PACKAGE DESCRIPTION: This dataset includes discrete profile measurements of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), total alkalinity, pH on total scale, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), temperature, salinity, oxygen, nutrients, chlorofluorocarbons (CFC-11, CFC-12), sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), helium, tritium, delta C13 and delta C13 obtained during the R/V R/V Nathaniel B. Palmer cruise GO-SHIP_P16S_2014 (EXPOCODE 320620140320) in the South Pacific Ocean from 2014-03-20 to 2014-05-05. The International GO-SHIP Program carries out a systematic and global re-occupation of select WOCE/JGOFS hydrographic sections to quantify changes in storage and transport of heat, fresh water, carbon dioxide (CO2), and related parameters.
CITE AS: Talley, Lynne D.; Feely, Richard A.; Dickson, Andrew G.; Swift, James H.; Carlson, Craig A.; Warner, Mark J.; McNichol, Ann; Key, Robert M.; Schlosser, Peter (2016). Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), total alkalinity, pH on total scale, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), chlorofluorocarbons, temperature, salinity and other hydrographic and chemical variables collected from discrete samples and profile observations during the R/V Nathaniel B. Palmer cruise GO-SHIP_P16S_2014 (EXPOCODE 320620140320) in the South Pacific Ocean from 2014-03-20 to 2014-05-05 (NCEI Accession 0157621). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.3334/cdiac/otg.go_ship_p16s_2014. Accessed [date].
DATA PACKAGES RELATED TO THIS ONE:
IDENTIFICATION INFORMATION FOR THIS DATA PACKAGE:
NCEI ACCESSION: 0157621
NCEI DOI: https://doi.org/10.3334/cdiac/otg.go_ship_p16s_2014
EXPOCODE: 320620140320;
CRUISE ID: GO-SHIP_P16S_2014;
SECTION/LEG: GO-SHIP P16S;
TYPES OF STUDY: Discrete measurement;Profile;TEMPORAL COVERAGE:
START DATE: 2014-03-20
END DATE: 2014-05-05
SPATIAL COVERAGE:
WEST: 147.66
EAST: -149.17
GEOGRAPHIC NAMES: Pacific Ocean;
PLATFORMS: Nathaniel B. Palmer (ID: 3206);
RESEARCH PROJECT(S):
none;
VARIABLES / PARAMETERS:
| Dissolved Inorganic Carbon |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
TCARBN |
| Unit: |
UMOL/KG |
| Observation type: |
discrete |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
In-situ observation |
| Measured or calculated: |
Measured |
| Replicate information: |
265 replicate sample analysis made. Average difference from the mean was 0.44. No systematic differences between the replicates were observed. DICE 1: 0.438 DICE 2: 0.450 |
| Standardization description: |
The stability of each coulometer cell solution was confirmed three different ways. 1) Gas loops were run at the beginning and end of each cell; 2) CRM’s supplied by Dr. A. Dickson of SIO, were measured near the beginning; and 3) Duplicate samples were typically run throughout the life of the cell solution. Each coulometer was calibrated by injecting aliquots of pure CO2 (99.999%) by means of an 8-port valve (Wilke et al., 1993) outfitted with two calibrated sample loops of different sizes (~1ml and ~2ml). The instruments were each separately calibrated at the beginning of each cell with a minimum of two sets of these gas loop injections and then again at the end of each cell to ensure no drift during the life of the cell. Even though we experienced a large temperature fluctuation in the aft dry lab (14°C to 31°C) these standard loops were well insulated and consistent throughout the cruise. |
| CRM batch number: |
135: Certified Value = 2036.96 µmol/kg |
| Total alkalinity |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
ALKALI |
| Unit: |
UMOL/KG |
| Observation type: |
discrete |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
In-situ observation |
| Measured or calculated: |
Measured |
| Type of titration: |
Samples were analyzed using an open cell titration procedure using two 250 mL jacketed cells |
| Cell type (open or closed): |
open cell |
| Curve fitting method: |
Samples were dispensed using a Sample Dispensing System (SDS) consisting of a volumetric pipette and various relay valves and air pumps controlled using LabVIEW 2012. Before filling the jacketed cell with a new sample for measurement, the volumetric pipette was cleared of any residual from the previous sample with the aforementioned air pumps. The pipette is then rinsed with new sample and filled, allowing for overflow and time for the sample temperature to equilibrate. The temperature inside the drawing bottle was measured using a DirecTemp thermistor probe and the pipette temperature was measured using a DirecTemp surface probe placed on the pipette. These temperature measurements were used to convert the sample volume to mass for analysis. |
| Uncertainty: |
The certified alkalinity value for Batch 135 is 2226.33 ± 0.63 μmol kg-1. This reference material was analyzed 208 times throughout P16S. The preliminary B135 measured value average for P16S is 2225.84 ± 0.76. After the aforementioned volume correction, the final B135 average is 2226.10 ± 0.76. Twice per station, a single Niskin was sampled twice to conduct duplicate analyses. A total of 178 Niskins were sampled for Duplicate analyses and gave a pooled standard deviation of 0.67 μmol kg-1. |
| Method reference: |
Dickson, Andrew G., Chris Sabine and James R. Christian, editors, "Guide to Best Practices for Ocean CO2 Measurements", Pices Special Publication 3, IOCCP Report No. 8, October 2007, SOP 3b, "Determination of total alkalinity in sea water using an open-cell titration" |
| pH |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
PH_TOT |
| pH scale: |
Total Scale |
| Observation type: |
discrete |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
In-situ observation |
| Measured or calculated: |
Measured |
| Temperature of pH measurement: |
20 °C |
| Detailed sampling and analyzing information: |
pH was measured spectrophotometrically on the total hydrogen scale using an Agilent 8453 spectrophotometer and in accordance with the methods outlined by Carter et al., 2013. A Kloehn V6 syringe pump was used to autonomously fill, mix, and dispense sample through the custom 10cm flow-through jacketed cell. |
| Uncertainty: |
The precision of the data was accessed from measurements of duplicate analyses, replicate analyses (two successive measurements on one bottle), certified reference materials (CRMs) from Batch 135 (provided by Dr. Andrew Dickson, UCSD), and TRIS buffer Batch 20 (provided by Dr. Andrew Dickson, UCSD). CRMs were measured twice a day and bottles of TRIS buffer were measured once a day over the course of the cruise. In total 2,748 Niskin bottles were sampled and submitted for pH on this cruise. The overall precision determined from duplicate analyses was found to be ±0.0003 for 193 sets. The overall precision determined from replicate analyses was found to be ±0.0003 for 201 sets. Additionally, 211 measurements were made on 59 bottles of Certified Reference Materials and found to have a pH of 7.9293±0.0013 and an average per bottle standard deviation of ±0.0003. |
| PH Temperature |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
PH_TMP |
| Unit: |
DEG_C |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
PH_TMP |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| CTDTMP |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
CTDTMP |
| Unit: |
DEG_C |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
WATER TEMPERATURE |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| CTDSAL |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
CTDSAL |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
SALINITY |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| SALNTY |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
SALNTY |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
SALINITY |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| CTDOXY |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
CTDOXY |
| Unit: |
UMOL/KG |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
DISSOLVED OXYGEN |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| OXYGEN |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
OXYGEN |
| Unit: |
UMOL/KG |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
DISSOLVED OXYGEN |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| SILCAT |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
SILCAT |
| Unit: |
UMOL/KG |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
silicate |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| NITRAT |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
NITRAT |
| Unit: |
UMOL/KG |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
NITRATE |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| NITRIT |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
NITRIT |
| Unit: |
UMOL/KG |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
NITRITE |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| PHSPHT |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
PHSPHT |
| Unit: |
UMOL/KG |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
phosphate |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| CFC-11 |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
CFC-11 |
| Unit: |
PMOL/KG |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
CHLOROFLUOROCARBON-11 (CFC-11) |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| CFC-12 |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
CFC-12 |
| Unit: |
PMOL/KG |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
CHLOROFLUOROCARBON-12 (CFC-12) |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| SF6 |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
SF6 |
| Unit: |
FMOL/KG |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
Sulfur Hexaflouride (SF6) |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| N2O |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
N2O |
| Unit: |
NMOL/KG |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
nitrous oxide (N2O) |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| DELC14 |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
DELC14 |
| Unit: |
/MILLE |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
DELTA CARBON-14 |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| C14ERR |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
C14ERR |
| Unit: |
/MILLE |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| DELC13 |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
DELC13 |
| Unit: |
/MILLR |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
DELTA CARBON-13 |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
PUBLICATIONS DESCRIBING THIS DATASET: none;
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION: none;
FUNDING AGENCY:
SUBMITTED BY: Alex Kozyr (Alex.Kozyr@noaa.gov)
SUBMISSION DATE: 2016-12-20
