INVESTIGATORS:
Frank J. Millero
- Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science (RSMAS)
Taro Takahashi
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO)
PACKAGE DESCRIPTION: This dataset includes discrete profile measurements of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), total alkalinity, partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2), CTD temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, nutrients, chlorofluorocarbons (CFC-11, CFC-12), helium, delta C13 and delta C14. These data were collected by Taro Takahashi of Columbia University; Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory and Frank J. Millero of Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science as part of the WOCE_S04I data set. The World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE) was a major component of the World Climate Research Program with the overall goal of better understanding the ocean's role in climate and climatic changes resulting from both natural and anthropogenic causes. The CO2 survey took advantage of the sampling opportunities provided by the WOCE Hydrographic Program (WHP) cruises during this period between 1990 and 1998. The final collection covers approximately 23,000 stations from 94 WOCE cruises.
CITE AS: Takahashi, Taro; Millero, Frank J.; Key, Robert M.; Chipman, David W.; Peltola, Esa; Rubin, Stephany I.; Sweeney, Colm; Sutherland, Stewart C. (2013). Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), total alkalinity, partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2), temperature, salinity and other variables collected from discrete samples and profile observations during the R/V Nathaniel B. Palmer cruise WOCE_S04I (EXPOCODE 320619969593) in the Indian Ocean from 1996-05-03 to 1996-07-04 (NCEI Accession 0115151). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.3334/cdiac/otg.ndp086. Accessed [date].
DATA PACKAGES RELATED TO THIS ONE:
IDENTIFICATION INFORMATION FOR THIS DATA PACKAGE:
NCEI ACCESSION: 0115151
NCEI DOI: https://doi.org/10.3334/cdiac/otg.ndp086
EXPOCODE: 320619969593;
320696_3;
CRUISE ID: WOCE_S04I;
SECTION/LEG: WOCE_S04I;
TYPES OF STUDY: Discrete measurement;Profile;TEMPORAL COVERAGE:
START DATE: 1996-05-03
END DATE: 1996-07-04
SPATIAL COVERAGE:
WEST: 20.0057
EAST: 119.9998
GEOGRAPHIC NAMES: Southern Ocean;
PLATFORMS: R/V Nathaniel B. Palmer (ID: 3206);
RESEARCH PROJECT(S):
none;
VARIABLES / PARAMETERS:
| Dissolved Inorganic Carbon |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
DIC |
| Observation type: |
discrete |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
In-situ observation |
| Measured or calculated: |
Calculated |
| Detailed sampling and analyzing information: |
This system consists of a Model 5011 coulometer, manufactured by UIC Inc., Jolliet, IL, and a sample introduction/CO2 extraction system of a Lamont-Doherty Earth Obs. (CO2 Group) design. |
| CRM batch number: |
31 |
| Total alkalinity |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
TA |
| Observation type: |
discrete |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
In-situ observation |
| Measured or calculated: |
Measured |
| Type of titration: |
Gran |
| Cell type (open or closed): |
Closed |
| Curve fitting method: |
The titration system for TALK determination used during expedition along WOCE section S04I was similar to the one used in our earlier studies (Millero et al. 1993). The systems consisted of a titrator (Metrohm, model 665 Dosimat) and pH meter (Orion, model 720A). Both instruments were controlled by computer. The electrodes used to measure the emf of the sample during a titration consisted of a ROSS glass pH electrode (Orion, model 810100) and a double junction Ag, AgCl reference electrode (Orion, model 900200) with an inner filling of 0.7 m NaCl. The temperature of both the acid titrant in a water-jacketed burette and the seawater sample in a water-jacketed cell were controlled to a constant temperature of 25 +/- 0.1C with a constant temperature bath (Neslab, model RTE 221). |
| Uncertainty: |
The precision of the coulometric titration was 0.002 % |
| Method reference: |
Millero, F. J., J. Z. Zhang, K. Lee, and D. M. Campbell. 1993. Titration alkalinity of seawater. Marine Chemistry 44(2-4):153-65 |
| pCO2 (fCO2) discrete |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
fCO2 |
| Observation type: |
discrete |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
In-situ observation |
| Measured or calculated: |
Measured |
| Seawater volume: |
500 mL |
| Headspace volume: |
3-5 mL |
| Temperature of measurement: |
4C |
| Detailed sampling and analyzing information: |
A semi-automated equilibrator-gas chromatograph (g. c.) system was used during the expedition for the determination of partial pressure of CO2 exerted by the seawater samples. Its design has been described by Chipman et al. (1993) and is summarized below. The schematic representation of the analytical system is shown in Chipman et al. (1993) as well as in Takahashi et al. (1998). |
| Uncertainty: |
We estimate the precision of the pCO2 measurement for a single hydrographic station to be about ±0.15% based on the reproducibility of replicate equilibrations. We estimate the station-to-station reproducibility to be about ±0.5%. |
| Method reference: |
Chipman, D. W., Marra, J. and Takahashi, T. (1993). Primary production at 47N and 20W in the North Atlantic Ocean: A comparison between the 14C incubation method and the mixed layer carbon budget. Deep-Sea. Res., 40, 151-169, 1993). Takahashi, T., Chipman, D. W., Rubin, S., Goddard, J. and Sutherland, S. C. (1998). Measurements of the total CO2 concentration and partial pressure of CO2 in seawater during WOCE Expeditions P-16, P-17 and P-19 in the South Pacific Ocean, October, 1992-April, 1993. Final Technical Report of Grant No. DE-FGO2-93ER61539 to U. S. Department of Energy, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Palisades, NY 10964, pp. 124. Weiss, R. F. (1981). Determinations of CO2 and methane by dual catalyst flame ionization chromatography and nitrous oxide by electron capture chromatography. Jour. of Chromatogr. Sci., 19, 611-616. |
| CTDPRS |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
CTDPRS |
| Unit: |
DBAR |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| CTDTMP |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
CTDTMP |
| Unit: |
DEG_C |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
WATER TEMPERATURE |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| CTDSAL |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
CTDSAL |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
SALINITY |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| SALNTY |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
SALNTY |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
SALINITY |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| CTDOXY |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
CTDOXY |
| Unit: |
UMOL/KG |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
DISSOLVED OXYGEN |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| OXYGEN |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
OXYGEN |
| Unit: |
UMOL/KG |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
DISSOLVED OXYGEN |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| SILCAT |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
SILCAT |
| Unit: |
UMOL/KG |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
silicate |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| NITRAT |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
NITRAT |
| Unit: |
UMOL/KG |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
NITRATE |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| NITRIT |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
NITRIT |
| Unit: |
UMOL/KG |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
NITRITE |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| PHSPHT |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
PHSPHT |
| Unit: |
UMOL/KG |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
phosphate |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| CFC-11 |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
CFC-11 |
| Unit: |
PMOL/KG |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
CHLOROFLUOROCARBON-11 (CFC-11) |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| CFC-12 |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
CFC-12 |
| Unit: |
PMOL/KG |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
CHLOROFLUOROCARBON-12 (CFC-12) |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| HELIUM |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
HELIUM |
| Unit: |
NMOL/KG |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
HELIUM |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| DELHE3 |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
DELHE3 |
| Unit: |
PERCNT |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
DELTA HELIUM-3 |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| DELC14 |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
DELC14 |
| Unit: |
/MILLE |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
DELTA CARBON-14 |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| DELC13 |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
DELC13 |
| Unit: |
/MILLE |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
DELTA CARBON-13 |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| C14ERR |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
C14ERR |
| Unit: |
/MILLE |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
PUBLICATIONS DESCRIBING THIS DATASET: Takahashi, T., F. Millero, R. Key, D. Chipman, E. Peltola, S. Rubin, C. Sweeney, and S. Sutherland, 2005. Determination of Carbon Dioxide, Hydrographic, and Chemical Parameters during the R/V Nathaniel B. Palmer Cruise in the Southern Indian Ocean (WOCE Section S04I, 3 May - 4 July, 1996), ed. A. Kozyr. ORNL/CDIAC-150, NDP-086. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 50 pp.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION: none;
FUNDING AGENCY:
SUBMITTED BY: Alex Kozyr (Alex.Kozyr@noaa.gov)
SUBMISSION DATE: 2013-12-18
