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Partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide, dissolved inorganic carbon, pH, alkalinity, temperature, salinity and other variables collected from discrete sample and profile observations using CTD, bottle and other instruments from the KNORR in the Caribbean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean from 1996-11-02 to 1997-09-03 (NCEI Accession 0115005)

INVESTIGATORS:
Douglas W. R. Wallace - Dalhousie University; Institute of Oceanography
Kenneth M. Johnson - Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL)
Taro Takahashi - Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO)
Frank J. Millero - Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science (RSMAS)

PACKAGE DESCRIPTION: This dataset includes chemical, discrete sample, physical and profile data collected from KNORR in the Caribbean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean from 1996-11-02 to 1997-09-03 and retrieved during cruise WOCE_A20, WOCE_A22, WOCE_A24 and WOCE_AR24. These data include ALKALINITY, CHLOROFLUOROCARBON-11 (CFC-11), CHLOROFLUOROCARBON-113 (CFC-113), CHLOROFLUOROCARBON-12 (CFC-12), DELTA CARBON-13, DELTA CARBON-14, DELTA HELIUM-3, DISSOLVED INORGANIC CARBON, DISSOLVED OXYGEN, HELIUM, HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE, NEON, NITRATE, NITRITE, PHOSPHATE, Partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide, Potential temperature (theta), SALINITY, SILICATE, Tritium (Hydrogen isotope), WATER TEMPERATURE and pH. The instruments used to collect these data include CTD and bottle. These data were collected by Taro Takahashi of Columbia University; Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Frank J. Millero of Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Douglas Wallace of Universitat Kiel; Institut Fur Meereskunde; Forschungsbereich Marine Biogeochemie and Kenneth Johnson [affiliation unknown] as part of the WOCE_A20, WOCE_A22, WOCE_A24 and WOCE_AR24 data set. The World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE) was a major component of the World Climate Research Program with the overall goal of better understanding the ocean's role in climate and climatic changes resulting from both natural and anthropogenic causes. The CO2 survey took advantage of the sampling opportunities provided by the WOCE Hydrographic Program (WHP) cruises during this period between 1990 and 1998. The final collection covers approximately 23,000 stations from 94 WOCE cruises.

CITE AS: Johnson, Kenneth M.; Key, Robert M.; Millero, Frank J.; Sabine, Christopher L.; Wallace, Douglas W. R.; Winn, Christopher D.; Arlen, Linda; Erickson, Kenneth; Friis, Karsten; Galanter, Meredith; Goen, Jamie; Rotter, Richard; Thomas, Carrie; Wilke, Richard J.; Takahashi, Taro; Sutherland, Stewart C. (2013). Partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide, dissolved inorganic carbon, pH, alkalinity, temperature, salinity and other variables collected from discrete sample and profile observations using CTD, bottle and other instruments from the KNORR in the Caribbean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean from 1996-11-02 to 1997-09-03 (NCEI Accession 0115005). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.3334/cdiac/otg.ndp082. Accessed [date].


DATA PACKAGES RELATED TO THIS ONE:
none;
IDENTIFICATION INFORMATION FOR THIS DATA PACKAGE:
NCEI ACCESSION: 0115005
NCEI DOI: https://doi.org/10.3334/cdiac/otg.ndp082
EXPOCODE: 316N147_2; 316N151_2; 316N151_3; 316N151_4; 316N19961102; 316N19970530; 316N19970717; 316N19970815;
CRUISE ID: WOCE_A20; WOCE_A22; WOCE_A24; WOCE_AR24;
SECTION/LEG: WOCE_A20; WOCE_A22; WOCE_A24; WOCE_AR24;

TYPES OF STUDY:
Discrete measurement;Profile;

TEMPORAL COVERAGE:
START DATE: 1996-11-02
END DATE: 1997-09-03

SPATIAL COVERAGE:
NORTH: 64.9
WEST: -66.7772
EAST: -9.3343
SOUTH: 6.969

GEOGRAPHIC NAMES:
Atlantic Ocean;

PLATFORMS:
R/V Knorr (ID: 316N); Knorr (ID: 316N);

RESEARCH PROJECT(S):
none;


VARIABLES / PARAMETERS:

Dissolved Inorganic Carbon
Abbreviation: DIC
Observation type: discrete
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: In-situ observation
Measured or calculated: Calculated
Replicate information: There was enough sample to complete both measurements, but not enough time or sample for TCO2 replicate analyses from the same 500-mL sample bottle. The 4-L sampling bottles also made it impossible to draw duplicate samples from the same sampling bottle.
CRM batch number: 33 36 37
Total alkalinity
Abbreviation: TA
Observation type: discrete
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: In-situ observation
Measured or calculated: Measured
Type of titration: automated potentiometric titration system (MATS)
Cell type (open or closed): Closed
Curve fitting method: TALK and pH were measured using an automated potentiometric titration system developed at the University of Miami (hereafter designated as MATS). MATS is described by Millero et al. (1993a).
Uncertainty: Duplicate samples were usually taken for each station in the same manner as for TCO2 (surface and deep) and analyzed to determine and monitor the precision of the MATS. The average difference between replicates was 1.0, 1.1, and 1.1 μmol/kg for sections A24, A20, and A22, respectively, which demonstrated the high precision of the MATS throughout the study. A preliminary description of the major trends in the data and the behavior of alkalinity over time in the North Atlantic is given by Millero et al. (1999).
Method reference: Millero, F. J., J. Z. Zhang, S. Fiol, S. Sotolongo, R. Roy, K. Lee, and S. Mane. 1993a. The use of buffers to measure the pH of seawater. Marine Chemistry 44:143-152. Taylor, J. K. and S. W. Smith. 1959. Precise coulometric titration of acids and bases. Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards 63A:153-9. Bradshaw, A. L. and P. G. Brewer. 1988. High-precision measurements of alkalinity and total carbon dioxide in seawater by potentiometric titration: 1. Presence of unknown protolyte (s). Marine Chemistry 28:69-86. Marinenko, G. and J. K. Taylor. 1968. Electrochemical equivalents of benzoic and oxalic acid. Analytical Chemistry 40:1645-51. Clayton, T. and R. H. Byrne. 1993. Calibration of m-cresol purple on the total hydrogen ion concentration scale and its application to CO2-system characteristics in seawater. Deep-Sea Research 40:2115-129. Millero, F. J., F. Huang, M. Galanter, J. Goen, C. Sabine, C. Thomas, and R. Rotter. 1999. The Total Alkalinity of North Atlantic Waters. University of Miami Technical Report, No. RSMAS-99-002. University of Miami, Miami, Florida.
CTDTMP
Abbreviation: CTDTMP
Unit: DEG_C
Controlled vocabulary name: WATER TEMPERATURE
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ
CTDSAL
Abbreviation: CTDSAL
Controlled vocabulary name: SALINITY
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ
SALNTY
Abbreviation: SALNTY
Controlled vocabulary name: SALINITY
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ
CTDOXY
Abbreviation: CTDOXY
Unit: UMOL/KG
Controlled vocabulary name: DISSOLVED OXYGEN
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ
OXYGEN
Abbreviation: OXYGEN
Unit: UMOL/KG
Controlled vocabulary name: DISSOLVED OXYGEN
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ
SILCAT
Abbreviation: SILCAT
Unit: UMOL/KG
Controlled vocabulary name: silicate
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ
NITRAT
Abbreviation: NITRAT
Unit: UMOL/KG
Controlled vocabulary name: NITRATE
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ
NITRIT
Abbreviation: NITRIT
Unit: UMOL/KG
Controlled vocabulary name: NITRITE
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ
PHSPHT
Abbreviation: PHSPHT
Unit: UMOL/KG
Controlled vocabulary name: phosphate
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ
CFC-11
Abbreviation: CFC-11
Unit: PMOL/KG
Controlled vocabulary name: CHLOROFLUOROCARBON-11 (CFC-11)
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ
CFC-12
Abbreviation: CFC-12
Unit: PMOL/KG
Controlled vocabulary name: CHLOROFLUOROCARBON-12 (CFC-12)
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ
CFC113
Abbreviation: CFC113
Unit: PMOL/KG
Controlled vocabulary name: CHLOROFLUOROCARBON-113 (CFC-113)
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ
TRITUM
Abbreviation: TRITUM
Unit: TU
Controlled vocabulary name: Tritium (Hydrogen isotope)
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ
HELIUM
Abbreviation: HELIUM
Unit: NMOL/KG
Controlled vocabulary name: HELIUM
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ
DELHE3
Abbreviation: DELHE3
Unit: PERCNT
Controlled vocabulary name: DELTA HELIUM-3
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ
DELC14
Abbreviation: DELC14
Unit: /MILLE
Controlled vocabulary name: DELTA CARBON-14
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ
DELC13
Abbreviation: DELC13
Unit: /MILLE
Controlled vocabulary name: DELTA CARBON-13
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ
NEON
Abbreviation: NEON
Unit: NMOL/KG
Controlled vocabulary name: NEON
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ
TCARBN
Abbreviation: TCARBN
Unit: UMOL/KG
Controlled vocabulary name: DISSOLVED INORGANIC CARBON (DIC)
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ
PCO2
Abbreviation: PCO2
Unit: UATM
Controlled vocabulary name: partial pressure of carbon dioxide - water
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ
C14ERR
Abbreviation: C14ERR
Unit: /MILLE
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ
PCO2TMP
Abbreviation: PCO2TMP
Unit: DEG_C
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ
ALKALI
Abbreviation: ALKALI
Unit: UMOL/KG
Controlled vocabulary name: total alkalinity
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ
PH
Abbreviation: PH
Controlled vocabulary name: pH
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ
THETA
Abbreviation: THETA
Unit: DEG_C
Controlled vocabulary name: Potential temperature (theta)
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: in-situ

PUBLICATIONS DESCRIBING THIS DATASET:
Johnson, K., R. Key, F. Millero, C. Sabine, D. Wallace, C. Winn, L. Arlen, K. Erickson, K. Friis, M. Galanter, J. Goen, R. Rotter, C. Thomas, R. Wilke, T. Takahashi, and S. Sutherland. 2003. Carbon Dioxide, Hydrographic, and Chemical Data Obtained During the R/V Knorr Cruises in the North Atlantic Ocean on WOCE Sections AR24 (November 2 - December 5, 1996) and A24, A20, and A22 (May 30 - September 3, 1997), A. Kozyr (ed.) ORNL/CDIAC-143, NDP-082. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
none;
FUNDING AGENCY:

SUBMITTED BY: Alex Kozyr (Alex.Kozyr@noaa.gov)

SUBMISSION DATE: 2013-12-12