INVESTIGATORS:
Douglas W. R. Wallace
- Dalhousie University; Institute of Oceanography
Kenneth M. Johnson
- Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL)
Taro Takahashi
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO)
Frank J. Millero
- Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science (RSMAS)
PACKAGE DESCRIPTION: This dataset includes chemical, discrete sample, physical and profile data collected from KNORR in the Caribbean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean from 1996-11-02 to 1997-09-03 and retrieved during cruise WOCE_A20, WOCE_A22, WOCE_A24 and WOCE_AR24. These data include ALKALINITY, CHLOROFLUOROCARBON-11 (CFC-11), CHLOROFLUOROCARBON-113 (CFC-113), CHLOROFLUOROCARBON-12 (CFC-12), DELTA CARBON-13, DELTA CARBON-14, DELTA HELIUM-3, DISSOLVED INORGANIC CARBON, DISSOLVED OXYGEN, HELIUM, HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE, NEON, NITRATE, NITRITE, PHOSPHATE, Partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide, Potential temperature (theta), SALINITY, SILICATE, Tritium (Hydrogen isotope), WATER TEMPERATURE and pH. The instruments used to collect these data include CTD and bottle. These data were collected by Taro Takahashi of Columbia University; Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Frank J. Millero of Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Douglas Wallace of Universitat Kiel; Institut Fur Meereskunde; Forschungsbereich Marine Biogeochemie and Kenneth Johnson [affiliation unknown] as part of the WOCE_A20, WOCE_A22, WOCE_A24 and WOCE_AR24 data set.
The World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE) was a major component of the World Climate Research Program with the overall goal of better understanding the ocean's role in climate and climatic changes resulting from both natural and anthropogenic causes. The CO2 survey took advantage of the sampling opportunities provided by the WOCE Hydrographic Program (WHP) cruises during this period between 1990 and 1998. The final collection covers approximately 23,000 stations from 94 WOCE cruises.
CITE AS: Johnson, Kenneth M.; Key, Robert M.; Millero, Frank J.; Sabine, Christopher L.; Wallace, Douglas W. R.; Winn, Christopher D.; Arlen, Linda; Erickson, Kenneth; Friis, Karsten; Galanter, Meredith; Goen, Jamie; Rotter, Richard; Thomas, Carrie; Wilke, Richard J.; Takahashi, Taro; Sutherland, Stewart C. (2013). Partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide, dissolved inorganic carbon, pH, alkalinity, temperature, salinity and other variables collected from discrete sample and profile observations using CTD, bottle and other instruments from the KNORR in the Caribbean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean from 1996-11-02 to 1997-09-03 (NCEI Accession 0115005). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.3334/cdiac/otg.ndp082. Accessed [date].
DATA PACKAGES RELATED TO THIS ONE:
none;
IDENTIFICATION INFORMATION FOR THIS DATA PACKAGE:
NCEI ACCESSION: 0115005
NCEI DOI: https://doi.org/10.3334/cdiac/otg.ndp082
EXPOCODE: 316N147_2;
316N151_2;
316N151_3;
316N151_4;
316N19961102;
316N19970530;
316N19970717;
316N19970815;
CRUISE ID: WOCE_A20;
WOCE_A22;
WOCE_A24;
WOCE_AR24;
SECTION/LEG: WOCE_A20;
WOCE_A22;
WOCE_A24;
WOCE_AR24;
TYPES OF STUDY: Discrete measurement;Profile;TEMPORAL COVERAGE:
START DATE: 1996-11-02
END DATE: 1997-09-03
SPATIAL COVERAGE:
WEST: -66.7772
EAST: -9.3343
GEOGRAPHIC NAMES: Atlantic Ocean;
PLATFORMS: R/V Knorr (ID: 316N);
Knorr (ID: 316N);
RESEARCH PROJECT(S):
none;
VARIABLES / PARAMETERS:
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon |
Abbreviation: |
DIC |
Observation type: |
discrete |
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
In-situ observation |
Measured or calculated: |
Calculated |
Replicate information: |
There was enough sample to complete both measurements, but not enough time or sample for TCO2 replicate analyses from the same 500-mL sample bottle. The 4-L sampling bottles also made it impossible to draw duplicate samples from the same sampling bottle. |
CRM batch number: |
33 36 37 |
Total alkalinity |
Abbreviation: |
TA |
Observation type: |
discrete |
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
In-situ observation |
Measured or calculated: |
Measured |
Type of titration: |
automated potentiometric titration system (MATS) |
Cell type (open or closed): |
Closed |
Curve fitting method: |
TALK and pH were measured using an automated potentiometric titration system developed at the University of Miami (hereafter designated as MATS). MATS is described by Millero et al. (1993a). |
Uncertainty: |
Duplicate samples were usually taken for each station in the same manner as for TCO2 (surface and deep) and analyzed to determine and monitor the precision of the MATS. The average difference between replicates was 1.0, 1.1, and 1.1 μmol/kg for sections A24, A20, and A22, respectively, which demonstrated the high precision of the MATS throughout the study. A preliminary description of the major trends in the data and the behavior of alkalinity over time in the North Atlantic is given by Millero et al. (1999). |
Method reference: |
Millero, F. J., J. Z. Zhang, S. Fiol, S. Sotolongo, R. Roy, K. Lee, and S. Mane. 1993a. The use of buffers to measure the pH of seawater. Marine Chemistry 44:143-152. Taylor, J. K. and S. W. Smith. 1959. Precise coulometric titration of acids and bases. Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards 63A:153-9. Bradshaw, A. L. and P. G. Brewer. 1988. High-precision measurements of alkalinity and total carbon dioxide in seawater by potentiometric titration: 1. Presence of unknown protolyte (s). Marine Chemistry 28:69-86. Marinenko, G. and J. K. Taylor. 1968. Electrochemical equivalents of benzoic and oxalic acid. Analytical Chemistry 40:1645-51. Clayton, T. and R. H. Byrne. 1993. Calibration of m-cresol purple on the total hydrogen ion concentration scale and its application to CO2-system characteristics in seawater. Deep-Sea Research 40:2115-129. Millero, F. J., F. Huang, M. Galanter, J. Goen, C. Sabine, C. Thomas, and R. Rotter. 1999. The Total Alkalinity of North Atlantic Waters. University of Miami Technical Report, No. RSMAS-99-002. University of Miami, Miami, Florida. |
CTDTMP |
Abbreviation: |
CTDTMP |
Unit: |
DEG_C |
Controlled vocabulary name: |
WATER TEMPERATURE |
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
CTDSAL |
Abbreviation: |
CTDSAL |
Controlled vocabulary name: |
SALINITY |
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
SALNTY |
Abbreviation: |
SALNTY |
Controlled vocabulary name: |
SALINITY |
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
CTDOXY |
Abbreviation: |
CTDOXY |
Unit: |
UMOL/KG |
Controlled vocabulary name: |
DISSOLVED OXYGEN |
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
OXYGEN |
Abbreviation: |
OXYGEN |
Unit: |
UMOL/KG |
Controlled vocabulary name: |
DISSOLVED OXYGEN |
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
SILCAT |
Abbreviation: |
SILCAT |
Unit: |
UMOL/KG |
Controlled vocabulary name: |
silicate |
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
NITRAT |
Abbreviation: |
NITRAT |
Unit: |
UMOL/KG |
Controlled vocabulary name: |
NITRATE |
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
NITRIT |
Abbreviation: |
NITRIT |
Unit: |
UMOL/KG |
Controlled vocabulary name: |
NITRITE |
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
PHSPHT |
Abbreviation: |
PHSPHT |
Unit: |
UMOL/KG |
Controlled vocabulary name: |
phosphate |
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
CFC-11 |
Abbreviation: |
CFC-11 |
Unit: |
PMOL/KG |
Controlled vocabulary name: |
CHLOROFLUOROCARBON-11 (CFC-11) |
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
CFC-12 |
Abbreviation: |
CFC-12 |
Unit: |
PMOL/KG |
Controlled vocabulary name: |
CHLOROFLUOROCARBON-12 (CFC-12) |
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
CFC113 |
Abbreviation: |
CFC113 |
Unit: |
PMOL/KG |
Controlled vocabulary name: |
CHLOROFLUOROCARBON-113 (CFC-113) |
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
TRITUM |
Abbreviation: |
TRITUM |
Unit: |
TU |
Controlled vocabulary name: |
Tritium (Hydrogen isotope) |
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
HELIUM |
Abbreviation: |
HELIUM |
Unit: |
NMOL/KG |
Controlled vocabulary name: |
HELIUM |
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
DELHE3 |
Abbreviation: |
DELHE3 |
Unit: |
PERCNT |
Controlled vocabulary name: |
DELTA HELIUM-3 |
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
DELC14 |
Abbreviation: |
DELC14 |
Unit: |
/MILLE |
Controlled vocabulary name: |
DELTA CARBON-14 |
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
DELC13 |
Abbreviation: |
DELC13 |
Unit: |
/MILLE |
Controlled vocabulary name: |
DELTA CARBON-13 |
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
NEON |
Abbreviation: |
NEON |
Unit: |
NMOL/KG |
Controlled vocabulary name: |
NEON |
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
TCARBN |
Abbreviation: |
TCARBN |
Unit: |
UMOL/KG |
Controlled vocabulary name: |
DISSOLVED INORGANIC CARBON (DIC) |
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
PCO2 |
Abbreviation: |
PCO2 |
Unit: |
UATM |
Controlled vocabulary name: |
partial pressure of carbon dioxide - water |
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
C14ERR |
Abbreviation: |
C14ERR |
Unit: |
/MILLE |
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
PCO2TMP |
Abbreviation: |
PCO2TMP |
Unit: |
DEG_C |
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
ALKALI |
Abbreviation: |
ALKALI |
Unit: |
UMOL/KG |
Controlled vocabulary name: |
total alkalinity |
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
PH |
Abbreviation: |
PH |
Controlled vocabulary name: |
pH |
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
THETA |
Abbreviation: |
THETA |
Unit: |
DEG_C |
Controlled vocabulary name: |
Potential temperature (theta) |
In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
PUBLICATIONS DESCRIBING THIS DATASET: Johnson, K., R. Key, F. Millero, C. Sabine, D. Wallace, C. Winn, L. Arlen, K. Erickson, K. Friis, M. Galanter, J. Goen, R. Rotter, C. Thomas, R. Wilke, T. Takahashi, and S. Sutherland. 2003. Carbon Dioxide, Hydrographic, and Chemical Data Obtained During the R/V Knorr Cruises in the North Atlantic Ocean on WOCE Sections AR24 (November 2 - December 5, 1996) and A24, A20, and A22 (May 30 - September 3, 1997), A. Kozyr (ed.) ORNL/CDIAC-143, NDP-082. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION: none;
FUNDING AGENCY:
SUBMITTED BY: Alex Kozyr (Alex.Kozyr@noaa.gov)
SUBMISSION DATE: 2013-12-12