INVESTIGATORS:
Richard A. Feely 
- NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL)
Dennis A. Hansell
- Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science (RSMAS)
Rik Wanninkhof
- NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (AOML)
Andrew G. Dickson
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO)
PACKAGE DESCRIPTION: This dataset includes chemical, discrete sample, physical and profile data collected from NOAA Ship RONALD H. BROWN in the North Atlantic Ocean and South Atlantic Ocean from 2010-03-08 to 2010-04-17. These data include CHLOROFLUOROCARBON-11 (CFC-11), CHLOROFLUOROCARBON-12 (CFC-12), Carbon tetrachloride (CCL4), DELTA CARBON-13, DELTA CARBON-14, DELTA HELIUM-3, DISSOLVED INORGANIC CARBON (DIC), DISSOLVED ORGANIC CARBON, DISSOLVED OXYGEN, HELIUM, HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE, NITRATE, NITRITE, Partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide - water, Potential temperature (theta), SALINITY, SULFUR HEXAFLUORIDE (SF6), TOTAL ALKALINITY (TA), Total Dissolved Nitrogen (TDN), Tritium (Hydrogen isotope), WATER TEMPERATURE, pH, phosphate and silicate. The instruments used to collect these data include Alkalinity titrator, CTD, Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas analyzer, Coulometer for DIC measurement, Flask with closed headspace for discrete carbon dioxide (CO2) measurement, bottle and spectrophotometer.
These data were collected by Dennis Hansell of Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Rik Wanninkhof of NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, Richard A. Feely of US DOC; NOAA; OAR; Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory and Andrew Dickson of University of California - San Diego; Scripps Institution of Oceanography as part of the CLIVAR_A13.5_2010 data set. CDIAC associated the following cruise ID(s) with this data set: CLIVAR_A13.5_2010 and RB_07-05
The International CLIVAR Global Ocean Carbon and Repeat Hydrography Program carries out a systematic and global re-occupation of select WOCE/JGOFS hydrographic sections to quantify changes in storage and transport of heat, fresh water, carbon dioxide (CO2), and related parameters.
CITE AS: Bullister, John L.; Feely, Richard A.; Wanninkhof, Rik; Dickson, Andrew G.; Hansell, Dennis A.; Key, Robert M. (2013). Partial pressure (or fugacity) of carbon dioxide, dissolved inorganic carbon, pH, alkalinity, temperature, salinity and other variables collected from discrete sample and profile observations using Alkalinity titrator, CTD and other instruments from NOAA Ship RONALD H. BROWN in the North Atlantic Ocean and South Atlantic Ocean from 2010-03-08 to 2010-04-17 (NCEI Accession 0108156). [indicate subset used]. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Dataset. https://doi.org/10.3334/cdiac/otg.clivar_a13.5_2010. Accessed [date].
DATA PACKAGES RELATED TO THIS ONE:
none;
IDENTIFICATION INFORMATION FOR THIS DATA PACKAGE:
NCEI ACCESSION: 0108156
NCEI DOI: https://doi.org/10.3334/cdiac/otg.clivar_a13.5_2010
EXPOCODE: 33RO20100308;
CRUISE ID: CLIVAR_A13.5_2010;
RB_07-05;
SECTION/LEG: AJAX;
CLIVAR A13.5;
TYPES OF STUDY: Discrete measurement;Profile;TEMPORAL COVERAGE:
START DATE: 2010-03-08
END DATE: 2010-04-17
SPATIAL COVERAGE:
WEST: -3.0018
EAST: 1.833
GEOGRAPHIC NAMES: Atlantic Ocean;
PLATFORMS: R/V Ronald H. Brown (ID: 33RO);
RESEARCH PROJECT(S):
none;
VARIABLES / PARAMETERS:
| Dissolved Inorganic Carbon |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
DIC |
| Observation type: |
discrete |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
In-situ observation |
| Measured or calculated: |
Calculated |
| Replicate information: |
The precision is displayed by the greater than 300 replicate samples drawn. The absolute average difference from the mean of these replicates is less than 0.75 μmol/kg. No significant systematic differences were noted. |
| Standardization description: |
The coulometers were each calibrated by injecting aliquots of pure CO2 (99.995%) by means of an 8-port valve outfitted with two sample loops. The instruments were calibrated at the beginning, middle, and end of each station with a set of the gas loop injections. |
| CRM batch number: |
Batch 98 |
| Total alkalinity |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
TA |
| Observation type: |
discrete |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
In-situ observation |
| Measured or calculated: |
Measured |
| Type of titration: |
Single point titration |
| Cell type (open or closed): |
Open |
| Curve fitting method: |
Total alkalinity measurements were made using an open-cell, two-stage, potentiometric titration procedure similar to that used to certify reference materials for total alkalinity (see Dickson et al., 2003), except that samples were not weighed into the titration vessel but instead 99.9 mL was dispensed from a Dosimat using a 50 mL burette. |
| Uncertainty: |
The at-sea repeatability of the method was estimated by analyzing duplicate samples, collected on each cast. These results were used to estimate a standard deviation using the standard expression (DOE, 1994, SOP 23). The repeatability was 1.38 μmol/kg, based on 237 pairs of analyses. In addition, analyses were made of the alkalinity of CO2 reference material. These analyses were carried out 253 times through out the cruise and at most stations. |
| Method reference: |
Dickson, A.G., Sabine, C.L. and Christian, J.R. (Eds.) 2007. Guide to best practices for ocean CO2 measurements. PICES Special Publication 3, 191 pp. |
| pH |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
pH |
| pH scale: |
total hydrogen ion scale |
| Observation type: |
discrete |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
In-situ observation |
| Measured or calculated: |
Measured |
| Temperature of pH measurement: |
25C |
| Detailed sampling and analyzing information: |
pH values were measured spectrophotometrically, using the constants of Liu et al. (2011) at a temperature ranging between 17 and 20 deg. C. These values are adjusted to counter errors created by the use of constants determined for purified m-cresol dye for measurements made with unpurified (Acros Organics) dye. The applied adjustment is a pH dependent offset estimated by fitting a 2nd order polynomial to the data in figure 2a in the article by Liu et al. (2011). The likely uncertainties on these measurements are explored in detail in Carter et al. (conditionally accepted, 2013). These values have been further adjusted to the reported values at 25 C using CO2SYS (van Hueven et al., 2009) with the carbonate constants given by Dickson and Millero (1987). For the ~10 samples lacking sufficient carbonate constraints for this calculation, the mean value of the missing data from the samples above and below the sample in the water column were used. This data is estimated to have a precision and accuracy uncertainty of 0.0006 and 0.006 pH units respectively. |
| Uncertainty: |
Precision estimate: +/-0.0006. Accuracy estimate: +/-0.006. |
| pCO2 (fCO2) discrete |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
fCO2 |
| Observation type: |
discrete |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
In-situ observation |
| Measured or calculated: |
Measured |
| Storage method: |
NA |
| Seawater volume: |
500mL |
| Headspace volume: |
50mL |
| Temperature of measurement: |
20C |
| Detailed sampling and analyzing information: |
The discrete pCO2 system is patterned after the instrument described in Chipman et al. (1991) and is discussed in detail in Wanninkhof and Thoning (1993) and Chen et al. (1995). The major difference between the two systems is that the Wanninkhof and current instrument uses a LI-COR model 6262 non-dispersive infrared analyzer, while the Chipman instrument utilizes a gas chromatograph with a flame ionization detector. |
| Sample replicate information: |
There were 183 pairs of duplicate samples drawn from Niskins on 101 stations. The average relative difference between all the pairs was 0.250 % (+/- 0.287 %). If the four relative differences above 1% are excluded (~95% confidence interval), the average relative difference was 0.220 % (+/- 0.209 %). |
| Temperature correction method: |
Small adjustments to 20.00 C were performed using the temperature coefficients of the carbonate dissociation constants. |
| Uncertainty: |
NA |
| Method reference: |
Chipman, D. W., T. Takahashi, D. Breger, and S.C. Sutherland (1991), Investigation of carbon dioxide in the South Atlantic and Northern Weddell areas (WOCE section A-12 and A-21) during the METEOR expedition 11/5 Jan.-March 1990, LDGO of Columbia University, Palisades.
Wanninkhof, R., and K. Thoning (1993), Measurement of fugacity of CO2 in surface water using continuous and discrete sampling methods, Mar. Chem., 44, 189-205.
Chen, H., R. Wanninkhof, R. A. Feely, and D. Greeley (1995), Measurement of fugacity of carbon dioxide in sub-surface water: an evaluation of a method based on infrared analysis, NOAA technical report ERL AOML-85, 52 pp, NOAA/AOML. |
| CTDTMP |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
CTDTMP |
| Unit: |
DEG_C |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
WATER TEMPERATURE |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| CTDSAL |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
CTDSAL |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
SALINITY |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| SALNTY |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
SALNTY |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
SALINITY |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| CTDOXY |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
CTDOXY |
| Unit: |
UMOL/KG |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
DISSOLVED OXYGEN |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| OXYGEN |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
OXYGEN |
| Unit: |
UMOL/KG |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
DISSOLVED OXYGEN |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| SILCAT |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
SILCAT |
| Unit: |
UMOL/KG |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
silicate |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| NITRAT |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
NITRAT |
| Unit: |
UMOL/KG |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
NITRATE |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| NITRIT |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
NITRIT |
| Unit: |
UMOL/KG |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
NITRITE |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| PHSPHT |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
PHSPHT |
| Unit: |
UMOL/KG |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
phosphate |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| CFC-11 |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
CFC-11 |
| Unit: |
PMOL/KG |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
CHLOROFLUOROCARBON-11 (CFC-11) |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| CFC-12 |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
CFC-12 |
| Unit: |
PMOL/KG |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
CHLOROFLUOROCARBON-12 (CFC-12) |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| SF6 |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
SF6 |
| Unit: |
FMOL/KG |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
Sulfur Hexaflouride (SF6) |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| CCL4 |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
CCL4 |
| Unit: |
PMOL/KG |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
Carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| TCARBN |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
TCARBN |
| Unit: |
UMOL/KG |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
DISSOLVED INORGANIC CARBON (DIC) |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| ALKALI |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
ALKALI |
| Unit: |
UMOL/KG |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
total alkalinity |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| FCO2 |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
FCO2 |
| Unit: |
UATM |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
partial pressure of carbon dioxide - water |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| FCO2TMP |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
FCO2TMP |
| Unit: |
DEG_C |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
partial pressure of carbon dioxide - water |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| PH |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
PH |
| Unit: |
TOT@25C |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
pH |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| PH_TMP |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
PH_TMP |
| Unit: |
DEG_C |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
pH |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
| DOC |
|---|
| Abbreviation: |
DOC |
| Unit: |
UMOL/KG |
| Controlled vocabulary name: |
DISSOLVED ORGANIC CARBON |
| In-situ / Manipulation / Response variable: |
in-situ |
PUBLICATIONS DESCRIBING THIS DATASET: none;
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION: none;
FUNDING AGENCY:
SUBMITTED BY: Alex Kozyr (Alex.Kozyr@noaa.gov)
SUBMISSION DATE: 2013-06-07
REVISION DATE: 2017-02-21
PREVIOUS VERSIONS: Version 1.1
