Great South Bay List of Species of Special Emphasis

Species of Special Emphasis Occurring in the Great South Bay (Complex #14)

Scientific Name	Common Name(s)	Global	Federal	NY Rank	NY Stat.	NJ Rank	NJ Stat.	BW # Rank	Gr. So. Bay
ANIMALS									+
INVERTEBRATES									+
MOLLUSCA									+
Argopecten irradians	bay scallop							BW4	+
Crassostrea virginica	eastern oyster							BW4	+
Mercenaria mercenaria	northern quahog							BW5	+
Mya arenaria	softshell clam							BW4	+
Hemileuca maia maia	coastal barrens buckmoth	G4T2T3		S2	U/SC			BW2	+
CRUSTACEA									+
Callinectes sapidus	blue crab							BW5	+
Homarus americanus	American lobster							BW4	+
MEROSTOMATA									+
Limulus polyphemus	horseshoe crab							BW5	+
VERTEBRATES									+
FISH									+
Raja eglanteria	clearnose skate (A)							BW5	+
Raja erinacea	little skate (A)							BW5	+
Raja ocellata	winter skate (A)							BW5	+
Acipenser oxyrinchus	Atlantic sturgeon (A-F/AN)	G3		S1	P	S3		BW1	+
Ammodytes americanus	American sandlance (A)	G?		SN	U			BW4	+
Anguilla rostrata	American eel (A-F/CA)	G5		S5	U	S5		BW4	+
Aphredoderus sayanus	pirate perch (F)	G5		S1	U (SC)	S4		BW3	+
Menidia beryllina	inland silverside (A-F)	G5		S2S3	U	S4S5		BW4	+
Menidia menidia	Atlantic silverside (A)	G5		S2S3	U			BW4	+
Opsanus tau	oyster toadfish (A)							BW4	+
Paralichthys dentatus	summer flounder (A)	G?		SN	P			BW4	+
Scophthalmus aquosus	windowpane (A)	G?		SN	U			BW5	+
Alosa aestivalis	blueback herring (A-F/AN)	G5		S3	U	S5		BW4	+
Alosa pseudoharengus	alewife (A-F/AN)	G5		S5	U	S5		BW4	+
Alosa sapidissima	American shad (A-F/AN)	G5		S4	U	S3S4	W	BW4	+
Brevoortia tyrannus	Atlantic menhaden (A)	G?		SN	U			BW5	+
Clupea harengus	Atlantic herring (A)	G?		SN	U			BW4	+
Fundulus heteroclitus	mummichog (A-F)	G5		S3	U	S5		BW4	+
Fundulus luciae	spotfin killifish (A-F)	G3G4		S1	U	S3		BW3	+
Anchoa mitchilli	bay anchovy (A-F)	G5		S3	U			BW3	+
Microgadus tomcod	Atlantic tomcod (A)	G5		S3	U	S3		BW3	+
Urophycis chuss	red hake (A)	G?		SN	U			BW4	+
Gobiosoma bosci	naked goby (A-F)	G5		S2S3	U			BW3?	+
Gobiosoma ginsburgi	seaboard goby (A)	G?		S2S3	U			BW3?	+
Tautoga onitis	tautog (A)	G?		SN	P			BW4	+
Tautogolabrus adspersus	cunner (A)	G?		SN	U			BW3	+
Mugil cephalus	striped mullet (A-F)	G5		SN	U			BW4	+
Osmerus mordax	rainbow smelt (A-F/AN)	G5		S5	U	SU		BW4	+
Morone americana	white perch (A-F)	G5		S4	U	S5		BW4	+
Morone saxatilis	striped bass (A-F/AN)	G5		S4	P	S4	W	BW4	+
Pleuronectes americanus	winter flounder (A)	G5?		S3?	P			BW4	+
Pomatomus saltatrix	bluefish (A)	G?		SN	P			BW5	+
Salmo trutta	brown trout (A-F-I/AN)	G5		SE	P	SE		BW4	+
Cynoscion regalis	weakfish (A)	G?		SN	P			BW4	+
Leiostomas xanthurus	spot (A)	G5		SN	U			BW4	+
Menticirrhus saxatilis	northern kingfish (A)	G?		SA	U			BW4?	+
Scomber scombrus	Atlantic mackerel (A)	G?		SN	P			BW5	+
Centropristis striata	black sea bass (A)	G?		SN	P			BW5	+
Trinectes maculatus	hogchoker (A-F)	G5		S3	U			BW3	+
Stenotomus chrysops	scup (A)	G?		SN	U			BW4	+
Peprilus triacanthus	butterfish (A)	G?		SN	U			BW5	+
Syngnathus fuscus	northern pipefish (A)	G?		S3	U			BW4	+
Prionotus carolinus	northern searobin (A)	G?		SN	U			BW3	+
AMPHIBIANS									+
Hemidactylium scutatum	four-toed salamander	G5		S5	U	S3	D	BW3BW4	+
REPTILES									+
Caretta caretta	loggerhead sea turtle	G3	T	SZN	T	SN	E	BW2	+
Kinosternon subrubrum	eastern mud turtle	G5		S1	T (E)	S?	U	BW1	+
Lepidochelys kempii	Atlantic (=Kemp's) ridley sea turtle	G1	E	S1N	E	SN	E	BW1	?
Malaclemys t. terrapin	northern diamondback terrapin	G5T5	C2	S4	U/SC	SU		BW3	+
Terrapene c. carolina	eastern box turtle	G5		S4	G (SC)	S5	S	BW4	+
BIRDS									+
Podilymbus podiceps	pied-billed grebe	G5		S3	P (T)	S1	E/S	BW2	W
Phalacrocorax auritus	double-crested cormorant	G5		S3	P	SN	INC	BW3	S/M
Ardea herodias	great blue heron	G5		S5	P	S2	T/S	BW2BW3	S/M/W
Botaurus lentiginosus	American bittern	G4		S4	P (SC)	S3	T/S	BW1	B
Bubulcus ibis	cattle egret	G5		S2	P	S3	INC/INC	BW3	?
Casmerodius albus	great egret	G5		S2	P	S3	S/S	BW3	B/M
Egretta caerulea	little blue heron	G5		S2	P	S3	T/S	BW2	B
Egretta thula	snowy egret	G5		S2S3	P	S3	S/S	BW3	B/M
Egretta tricolor	tricolored heron	G5		S2	P	S3	INC/S	BW3	B
Nycticorax violaceus	yellow-crowned night-heron	G5		S2	P	S2	T/T	BW2	B
Nycticorax nycticorax	black-crowned night-heron	G5		S3	P	S3	D/S	BW3	B
Plegadis falcinellus	glossy ibis	G5		S2	P	S3	D/S	BW3	B
Branta canadensis	Canada goose	G5		S5	G	S5		BW5	B/M/W
Branta bernicla	brant	G5		SN	G	SN		BW4	W
Aix sponsa	wood duck	G5		S5	G	S5		BW5	B/M
Anas acuta	northern pintail	G5		S2	G	SN		BW2	W
Anas americana	American wigeon	G5		S3	G	SN		BW3	B/M
Anas clypeata	northern shoveler	G5		S2	G	SN		BW2	M/W
Anas crecca	green-winged teal	G5		S3	G	SN		BW2BW3	B/M/W
Anas discors	blue-winged teal	G5		S5	G	S5		BW4	M/W
Anas platyrhynchos	mallard	G5		S5	G	S5		BW5	B/M/W
Anas rubripes	American black duck	G4		S4	G	S4		BW4	B/M/W
Anas strepera	gadwall	G5		S3	G	S5		BW3	B/M/W
Aythya valisineria	canvasback	G5		SN	G	SN		BW3	M/W
Aythya americana	redhead	G5		SE	G	SN		BW1?	M/W
Aythya marila	greater scaup	G5		SN	G	SN		BW4	M/W
Aythya affinis	lesser scaup	G5		SA	G	SN		BW4	M/W
Bucephala clangula	common goldeneye	G5		S2	G	SN		BW3	M/W
Bucephala albeola	bufflehead	G5		SN	G	SN		BW4	S/M/W
Clangula hyemalis	oldsquaw	G5		SN	G	SN		BW3	M/W
Lophodytes cucullatus	hooded merganser	G5		S4	G	SN		BW2	W
Mergus merganser	common merganser	G5		S5	G	S4		BW4	W
Mergus serrator	red-breasted merganser	G5		S1S2	G	SN		BW4	M/W
Oxyura jamaicensis	ruddy duck	G5		S1	G	SN		BW2	B?
Accipter striatus	sharp-shinned hawk	G5		S4	P (SC)	S1	U/U	BW2	M
Circus cyaneus	northern harrier	G5		S3	T (SC)	S2	E/U	BW1	B/M/W
Falco columbarius	merlin	G4		SN	P	SN	S	BW2	M
Falco peregrinus	peregrine falcon	G3	E (SA)	S2	E	S1	E	BW2	M
Pandion haliaetus	osprey	G5		S4	T (SC)	S3	T/T	BW2	B/M
Fulica americana	American coot	G5		S3	G	S1	D	BW2	B/M/W
Laterallus jamaicensis	black rail	G4?	C2	S1	P/SC (E)	S3	T	BW1	B
Porzana carolina	sora	G5		S4	G	S4		BW3	B
Rallus limicola	Virginia rail	G5		S4	G	S4		BW3	B/M/W
Rallus longirostris	clapper rail	G5		S3	P	S5		BW4	B/M
Charadrius melodus	piping plover	G3	T	S2B	E	S1	E	BW2	B/M
Charadrius semipalmatus	semipalmated plover	G5		SN	P	S?	S	BW3BW4	M
Pluvialis squatarola	black-bellied plover	G5		SN	P	SN	S/S	BW3BW4	M
Haematopus palliatus	American oystercatcher	G5		S3	P	S4	INC/S	BW3	B/M
Calidris alba	sanderling	G5		SN	P	SN	D	BW3?	M
Calidris minutilla	least sandpiper	G5		SN	P	SN	S	BW3?	M
Catoptrophorus semipalmatus	willet	G5		S3	P	S4	INC/S	BW3	B/M
Limnodromus griseus	short-billed dowitcher	G5		SN	P	SN	S	BW3	M
Numenius phaeopus	whimbrel	G5		SN	P	SN	S	BW3?	M
Tringa flavipes	lesser yellowlegs	G5		SN	P	SN	S	BW3	M
Tringa melanoleuca	greater yellowlegs	G5		SN	P	SN	S	BW3	M
Rynchops niger	black skimmer	G5		S2	P (SC)	S2	E	BW3	B/M
Sterna antillarum	least tern	G4		S3B	E (T)	S2	E	BW1	B/M
Sterna dougallii	roseate tern	G5	E	S1B	E	S1	E	BW1	B/M
Sterna hirundo	common tern	G5		S3B	T	S3	D/S	BW3	B/M
Sterna nilotica	gull-billed tern	G5		S1	P	S3	S	BW2	B?
Coccyzus americanus	yellow-billed cuckoo	G5		S5	P	S4	S/S	BW4	B
Coccyzus erthropthalmus	black-billed cuckoo	G5		S5	P	S4	S/S	BW3	B
Asio flammeus	short-eared owl	G5		S2	P/SC (E)	S1	E/U	BW2	B/W
Tyto alba	common barn-owl	G5		S3	P/SC (P)	S4	S/S	BW3	B?
Caprimulgus vociferus	whip-poor-will	G5		S4	P (SC)	S4	D/S	BW3	B/M
Chaetura pelagica	chimney swift	G5		S5	P	S5	S/S	BW4BW5	B
Contopus virens	eastern wood-pewee	G5		S5	P	S4	S/S	BW4	B/M
Empidonax traillii	willow flycatcher	G5		S5	P	S4	INC/S	BW4	B
Myiarchus crinitus	great crested flycatcher	G5		S5	P	S4	S/S	BW4BW5	B/M
Tyrannus tyrannus	eastern kingbird	G5		S5	P	S5	D/D	BW4BW5	B
Eremophila alpestris	horned lark	G5		S5	P (SC)	S3	D/S	BW3BW4	B/M
Progne subis	purple martin	G5		S5	P	S4	D/S	BW4	B/M
Riparia riparia	bank swallow	G5		S5	P	S4	S/S	BW3BW4	B
Steldidopteryx serripennis	northern rough-winged swallow	G5		S5	P	S4	S/S	BW4	B
Certhia americana	brown creeper	G5		S5	P	S4	S/S	BW3BW4	B/M/W
Cistothorus palustris	marsh wren	G5		S5	P	S4	D/S	BW4	B/M
Catharus fuscescens	veery	G5		S5	P	S4	S/S	BW4	B
Catharus guttatus	hermit thrush	G5		S5	P	S4	S/S	BW3	B
Hylocichla mustelina	wood thrush	G5		S5	P	S5	S/S	BW4	B/M
Polioptila caerulea	blue-gray gnatcatcher	G5		S5	P	S4	INC/S	BW4	B
Sialia sialis	eastern bluebird	G5		S5	P/SC (P)	S4	S	BW4	B
Dumetella carolinensis	gray catbird	G5		S5	P	S5	S/S	BW5	B
Vireo griseus	white-eyed vireo	G5		S4	P	S4	D/S	BW4	B
Dendroica coronata	yellow-rumped warbler	G5		S5	P	S4	S/S	BW2BW3	M
Dendroica discolor	prairie warbler	G5		S5	P	S5	S/S	BW4BW5	B
Dendroica pinus	pine warbler	G5		S5	P	S4	S/S	BW4	B
Mniotilta varia	black-and-white warbler	G5		S5	P	S4	S/S	BW4	B/M
Parula americana	northern parula	G5		S3S4	P	S3	P/S	BW1	M
Protonotaria citrea	prothonotary warbler	G5		S2	P	S3	INC/S	BW2	B
Seiurus aurocapillus	ovenbird	G5		S5	P	S5	S/S	BW4	B/M
Setophaga ruticilla	American redstart	G5		S5	P	S5	S/S	BW4BW5	B/M
Vermivora pinus	blue-winged warbler	G5		S5	P	S4	INC/S	BW4	B/M
Ammodramus caudacutus	sharp-tailed sparrow	G5		S3	P	S4	S/S	BW3	B/M
Ammodramus maritimus	seaside sparrow	G4		S2S3	P (SC)	S4	S/S	BW3	B
Junco hyemalis	dark-eyed junco	G5		S5	P	S4	S/S	BW3BW4	M/W
Melospiza georgiana	swamp sparrow	G5		S5	P	S4	S/S	BW3BW4	B
Pipilo erythrophthalmus	rufous-sided towhee	G5		S5	P	S5	S/S	BW4	B/M
Zonotrichia albicollis	white-throated sparrow	G5		S5	P	SN	S/S	BW2	M
Icterus spurius	northern oriole	G5		S5	P	S5	S/S	BW4BW5	B
Sturnella magna	eastern meadowlark	G5		S5	P	S4	D/S	BW3BW4	B
Carpodacus purpureus	purple finch	G5		S5	P	S4	S/S	BW3	B
MAMMALS									+
Balaenoptera acutorostrata	Minke whale	G5		SN	U	SA	U	BW3BW4	+
Delphinapterus leucas	beluga	G4		SN	U	SA	P	BW1	+
Tursiops truncatus	bottle-nosed dolphin	G5		S3	U	SN	S	BW4	+
Lutra canadensis	river otter	G5		S5	G	S4		BW4	+
Halichoerus grypus	gray seal	G4		SZ	U	SR	P	BW3?	+
Phoca vitulina	harbor seal	G5		S3	P	SN	S	BW4	+
VASCULAR PLANTS									+
Carex argyrantha	hay sedge	G5		S2	U	S4		BW3	+
Carex barrattii	Barratt's sedge	G4	3C	S1	E	S4	LP	BW2BW3	+
Carex bullata	button sedge	G5		S1	T	S5		BW3BW4	+
Carex collinsii	Collins' sedge	G4		S1S2	R	S4		BW3	+
Carex hormathodes	necklace sedge	G4G5		S2S3	R	S5		BW4	+
Carex styloflexa	bent sedge	G4G5		S1	U	S4		BW3BW4	+
Cyperus erythrorhizos	red-rooted flatsedge	G5		S3	R	S4		BW3BW4	+
Eleocharis elliptica var. pseudoptera	slender spikerush	G5T?		S1	U	S4		BW3	+
Eleocharis quadrangulata	angled spikerush	G4		S1	T	S2		BW2	+
Eleocharis tuberculosa	long-tubercled spikerush	G5		S2	T	S5		BW4	+
Scirpus maritimus	saltmarsh bulrush	G5		S1	U	SH	E	BW1	+
Scleria minor	slender nutrush	G4		S1	E	S4	LP	BW3	+
Scleria pauciflora var. caroliniana	few-flowered nutrush	G5T4T5		S1	T	S2		BW2	+
Scleria triglomerata	whip nutrush	G5		S2	R	S5		BW4	+
Juncus debilis	weak rush	G5		S1	T	S5		BW4	+
Aletris farinosa	stargrass	G5		S2	U	S4		BW3BW4	+
Listera australis	southern twayblade	G4		S1S2	R	S2	LP	BW2	+
Platanthera cristata	crested yellow orchid	G5		S1	T	S3	LP	BW2	+
Spiranthes vernalis	grassleaf ladies'-tresses	G5		S1	R	S4		BW3BW4	+
Diplachne maritima	saltpond grass	G5T3		S1	U	S2		BW1?	+
Sphenopholis pensylvanica	swamp oats	G4		S1	U	S3		BW2	+
Amaranthus pumilus	seabeach amaranth	G2	T	S1	U	SH	E	BW1	+
Asclepias purpurascens	purple milkweed	G4G5		S3	T	S4		BW3BW4	+
Gnaphalium purpureum	purple everlasting	G5		S1	R	S4		BW3BW4	+
Helianthus angustifolius	swamp sunflower	G5		S2	T	S5		BW4	+
Solidago elliottii	coastal goldenrod	G5		S2	U	S3		BW2BW3	+
Cardamine longii	Long's bittercress	G3G4Q	3C	S2	U	SH	E	BW1	+
Lobelia nuttallii	Nuttall's lobelia	G4G5		S3	R	S5		BW4	+
Chenopodium rubrum	red goosefoot	G5		S1	U	S1	E	BW1	+
Lechea pulchella var. moniliformis	pinweed	G5T4		S1	T	SU		BW1?	+
Lechea racemulosa	pinweed	G5		S3	R	S5		BW3BW4	+
Lechea tenuifolia	slender pinweed	G5		S2	R	S1	E	BW2	+
Hypericum hypericoides ssp. multicaule	St. Andrew's cross	G5T4		S1	E	NA?		BW1?	+
Hypericum prolificum	shrubby St. John's-wort	G5		S2	T	S1	E	BW1	+
Crassula aquatica (=Tillaea aquatica )	pygmyweed	G5		S1	E	NA		BW1	+
Pyxidanthera barbulata	pixies, flowering moss	G4		S1	E	S4		BW3BW4	+
Sabatia campanulata	slender marsh-pink	G5		S1	E	S3		BW3	+
Proserpinaca pectinata	comb-leaved mermaid-weed	G5		S2	R	S4		BW4	+
Utricularia fibrosa	fibrous bladderwort	G4G5		S2	R	S5		BW4	+
Utricularia radiata	small floating bladderwort	G4		S2	R	SU		BW2?	+
Linum intercursum	sandplain flax	G4G5		S2	T	S1	E	BW1	+
Linum medium var. texanum	southern yellow flax	G5T5		S2	T	S4		BW3	+
Polygala lutea	yellow milkwort	G5		S1	E	C		BW3	+
Polygonum glaucum	seabeach knotweed	G3		S3	U	S1	E	BW3	+
Rumex maritimus var. fueginus	golden dock	G5T5		S1	T	NA?		BW1?	+
Viola brittoniana var. brittoniana	coast violet	G4G4T?		S1	E	S3		BW1BW2	+
COMMUNITIES and ECOSYSTEMS									+
Marine Subtidal Aquatic Bed		G5		S3		SU		BW3	+
Marine Intertidal Gravel/Sand Beach		G5		S5	U	SU		BW5	+
Brackish Subtidal Aquatic Bed		G4		S2S3	U	SU		BW3	+
Tidal River		G4		S3	U			BW3	+
Low Salt Marsh		G5		S3S4		S5		BW5	+
High Salt Marsh		G5		S4S4		S5		BW5	+
Salt Panne		G5		S3		S5		BW4	+
Brackish Tidal Marsh		G4		S2S3	U	S2?		BW3	?
Coastal Plain Pond (lacustrine)		G3G4		S2	U			BW2	+
Maritime Interdunal Swales		G3G4		S2	U			BW2	+
Maritime Dunes		G4		S3	U			BW3	+
Coastal Dune Shrubland		G4				S2?		BW2	+
Coastal Dune Woodland		G2G3		S1	U	S1		BW1	+
Maritime Oak-Holly Forest		G2G3		S1	U			BW1	+
ANIMAL CONCENTRATION AREAS									+
Coastal Heron Rookery		GU				S3		BW3	+
Migratory Shorebird Concentration Site		G?				S?		BW2	+
Waterbird Nesting Colony				S?				BW4	+
Raptor Concentration Area				S?	U			BW2	+
Waterfowl Concentration Area				S3S4				BW4	+


See Appendix I for definition of federal, global, state, and bight watershed (BW) ranks and status
Gr. So. Bay column contains codes indicating the status of a species population within the Great South Bay habitat complex:
+ = known to occur in the area; seasonal use not specified; B = breeds in the area; S = regular non-breeding use in the summer
M = migrates through the area and has identifiable migratory stopover or staging areas within the area; W = overwinters in the area
P = primarily pelagic; ? = unconfirmed or questionable occurrence or seasonal use; H = occurred historically in the area

Definitions of ranks used in list

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