#CONTRIBUTOR(S), INSTITUTE(S), CONTACT INFORMATION:
Jeremy Claisse, Ph.D.
Adjunct Faculty & Postdoctoral Research Fellow Vantuna Research Group
Occidental College 1600 Campus Rd.
Los Angeles, CA, 90041
office: (323) 259-2618
cell: (808) 551-9658
claisse@oxy.edu

#ORIGINATOR(S), INSTITUTE(S), CONTACT INFORMATION:
same

#TITLE: 
Benthic habitat data of Wawaloi and Keei, Kona Coast, Island of Hawaii, 
August 2004

#ABSTRACT: 
Transects were made at two locations on the west side of the Island of
Hawaii in August 2004 to study the structure and composition of the
benthic habitat.  Photoquadrants were established to quanitfy the
percent of the benthic substrate occupied by coral and algal species,
through use of Coral Point Count with Excel Extensions.  Rugosity
along each transect was also calculated.  The transects were 15 m
in length with photoquadrants at each meter mark.  Each set of transects at
each site consists of 10 15-m long transects running ~parallel to the shore,
with ends of all transects aligned, and transects spaced 10 m apart along the
vertical profile of the reef from the reef flat to the sandy interface at a
depth of ~25 m.  Quantified data provided in Excel spreadsheets.  Original
JPEG images from the photoquadrants are given as well, for future users
to have the opportunity to apply other methods of quantifying the benthos.

#PURPOSE:  
To characterize the structure and composition of benthic microhabitat at 2
sites along the Kona Coast.

#PROJECT:
Hawaii Coral Reef Initative: Post-Settlement Life History of Key Coral
Reef Fishes in a Hawaiian Marine Protected Area Network

#FUNDING:
Hawaii Coral Reef Initiative
Grant Number: NA03 NOS4260044 HCRI 6

#ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS:
Principle Investigator: Dr. James D. Parrish
Co-PI: Dr. Jeremy T. Claisse
Hawaii Cooperative Fishery Research Unit/
University of Hawaii
Department of Zoology

#LOCATION EXTREMES:
SOUTHERNMOST LATITUDE: 19.45
SOUTHERNMOST LATITUDE HEMISPHERE: N
NORTHERNMOST LATITUDE: 19.70
NORTHERNMOST LATITUDE HEMISPHERE: N
WESTERNMOST LONGITUDE: 156.05
WESTERNMOST LONGITUDE HEMISPHERE: W 
EASTERNMOST LONGITUDE: 155.9167
EASTERNMOST LONGITUDE HEMISPHERE: W  

#LOCATION KEYWORDS: 
North Pacific, Hawaii, Island of Hawaii, Kona Coast, Wawaloli, Keei

#SAMPLING STATIONS: 
Wawaloli: 19 42N, 156 03W
Keei:     19 27N, 155 55W

#BEGIN AND END DATES: 
YYYYMMDD: 20040806 - 20040811

#SAMPLING PERIODS:
Wawaloli: 20040806
Keei    : 20040811

#PARAMETERS: 
benthic habitat
substrate type
coral reef species
algal species
invertebrate species
coral reef per cent cover
algae per cent cover
rugosity

#METHODOLOGY:
Each set of transects at each site consists of 10 15-m long transects running
~parallel to the shore, with ends of all transects aligned, and transects
spaced 10 m apart along the vertical profile of the reef from the reef flat to
the sandy interface at a depth of ~25 m.
For our Olympus 50/50 a plastic block was cable tied to the side of the
housing.  A small hole was drilled into the block, into which a clear plastic
rod 75 cm long and 1 cm in diameter was inserted.

Deployment
     Methods for deployment were dependent upon the size/type of area
surveyed.
1. Fixed transects:  A metric tape was stretched from one float to the other
at the ends of each transect.  Photoquadrats were taken at each meter mark on
the tape for the full length of the transect (15m).  The chain was then draped
along the substrate and over the contours of the reef directly under the
metric tape.   At the end of the transect, a colored cable tie was used to
mark the length of chain laid over the substrate.

Data Collection
1. Photoquadrats:  The percent of benthic substrate occupied by coral and
algal species, as well as various substrate types, was determined by analyzing
photoquadrats with the software Coral Point Count with Excel extensions
(CPCe). CPCe allows for random generation of any desired number of points
within a picture, which will then be identified and grouped into specified
taxonomic categories.  For this particular study, the coral code (taxonomic
categories) used by the West Hawaii DAR office was employed.  The entire
picture was analyzed, and a simple random distribution of 20 points was
overlaid on each.  A circle with a crosshair was used for the data point
shape.  The category for each point was determined by identifying the
substrate or species that occupied most of the circle, as opposed to what was
lying directly beneath the crosshair.  In the absence of a distinct coral,
algal, or invertebrate species under a data point, the substrate was defined
as turf/bare, which could then be further specified as turf/bare on rubble or
on skeletons of various coral species.
2. Rugosity:   The total distance along the substrate surface was determined
by measuring the length of the chain deployed for each transect to the
appropriately colored cable tie.  This length was then divided by the
straight-line distance of the transect to yield a rugosity index value.

#INSTRUMENT TYPES:
Underwater metric tape, 100 m long on plastic reel
Digital camera
Camera stand of fixed length
Lightweight chain made of small links

#REFERENCES: 
Parrish, J.D. and J.T Claisse, 2006. Post-settlement life history of key
    coral reef fishes in a Hawaiian marine protected area network; Phase
    II (Year 7).  Hawaii Coral Reef Initiative, Grant NA03 NOS4260044.
    University of Hawaii. p. 42.

#SUBMITTING MEDIUM:
ftp

#DIRECTORY ORGANIZATION, FILE NAMES AND FORMATS:
Data are found under directory data/

subdirectory 0-data: contains directories and files exactly as provided
                     by the data originator
subdirectory 1-data: any directory or file created by NODC in preparation
                     of the data for the archive

Details of 0-data/
subdirectory name: Claisse Data to Caldwell
contents: original directory containing data and subsequent directories:

filename: Kona Benthic Habitat Methods.docx
format: MS Office 2007 Word document 
contents: metadata
comment: redundant copy in PDF/A format placed in 1-data/

filename: Kona Benthic Transect Data.xlsx
format: MS Office 2007 Excel spreadsheet
contents: data
comments: multiple spreadsheets, with each spreadsheet saved in 1-data/ as a
  comma-separated version (CSV) text file with filename:
  Kona_Benthic_Transect_Data_xxxxxxxx
  where xxxxxxxx is the original name of the given sheet
description of each sheet:
_Transects:
  parameters: Site, Date, Transect Number, Depth, Rugosity Transect length,
              Rugosity Chain length, rugosity

_Wawaloli_xx: where xx is Transect Number, one sheet for each transect
  parameters: output from Coral Point Count
              Coral, Diseased corals, macroalgae, invertebrates, substrate

_Wawaloli_Data_Summary: 
  contents:  summary information for all transect sheets at Wawaloli
             including statistics 

_keei_xx: where xx is Transect Number, one sheet for each transect
  parameters: output from Coral Point Count
              Coral, Diseased corals, macroalgae, invertebrates, substrate

_keei_Data_Summary: 
  contents:  summary information for all transect sheets at Keei
             including statistics 

directory name: Keei/
  contents: JPEG images from photoquadrants at Keei
  filename template: KttD-mm.JPG
           where: tt: transect number
                   D: direction of transect
                      N: transect started from north side
                      S: transect started from south side
                  mm: distance in meters along transect

directory name: Wawaloli/
  contents: JPEG images from photoquadrants at Wawaloli
  filename template: WttD-mm.JPG
           where: tt: transect number
                   D: direction of transect
                      N: transect started from north side
                      S: transect started from south side
                  mm: distance in meters along transect

#DATASET SIZE:
521861 kbytes

#NUMBER OF DATA UNITS:
two locations with 10 transects at each, for total of 20 transects.

#MISCELLANEOUS: