|
Gouretski and Koltermann (2007) shows statistics from
Expendable Bathythermograph (XBT) vs. Conductivity-Temperature-Depth (CTD)/reversing thermometer instrument comparisons which reveal a
warm bias in XBT temperatures. This bias varies over time and over depth. The bias may be due to both errors in the calculation
of depth and in measurement of the temperature.
An important deviation from the majority
of existing correction schemes is that depth correction varies with depth.
A NOAA sponsored XBT Fall Rate Workshop was held in Miami, FL, March 10-12, 2008 to discuss this problem.
Results of that meeting came to no conclusion as to the best way to correct the bias.
A second XBT Fall Rate Workshop*
will be held August 25-27, 2010 in Hamburg, Germany.
A number of papers with estimates of corrections have been published or submitted to scientific journals. The corrections proposed in
some of these works are provided here to facilitate intercomparison by the scientific community. The corrections proposed by Gouretski and
Koltermann (2007) are not included here, as they have been superceded by the corrections proposed by Gouretski and Reseghetti (2010).
Gouretski, V. V., and K. P. Koltermann, 2007, How much is the ocean really warming? Geophysical Research Letters, L01610,
doi:10.1029/2006GL027834
Wijffels, S. E., J. Willis, C. M. Domingues, P. Barker, N.J. White, A. Gronell, K. Ridgway, J. A. Church, 2008,
Changing eXpendable Bathythermograph Fall-rates and their Impact on Estimates of Thermosteric Sea Level Rise, Journal of Climate, in press.
Wijffels et al. depth corrections: Table 1 (in situ comparison),
Table 2 (in situ-altimeter comparison).
Ishii, M. and M. Kimoto, 2008, Reevaluation of Historical Ocean Heat Content Variations With An XBT depth bias Correction. J. Oceanogr. (submitted).
Ishii and Kimoto depth corrections.
Levitus, S, J. Antonov, T. Boyer, Global ocean heat content 1955-2007 in light of recently revealed instrumentation problems (Geophys. Res. Lett. , 36, L07608, doi:10.1029/2008GL037155).
Levitus et al. temperature corrections;
updated temperature corrections: September, 2010;
April, 2011.
Gouretski, V. and F. Reseghetti, 2010, On depth and temperature biases in
bathythermograph data: Development of a new correction scheme based on analysis
of a global ocean database. Deep-Sea Research I, Vol. 57(6), pp. 812-834,
doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2010.03.011, Gouretski, Reseghetti depth and temperature corrections.
|
